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re: Major tornado outbreak expected tomorrow

Posted on 3/1/12 at 4:22 pm to
Posted by Govt Tide
Member since Nov 2009
9141 posts
Posted on 3/1/12 at 4:22 pm to
quote:

You're right but he was asking how discrete cells form and why.

You can find supercells embedded in squall lines or just a touch in front, but these are always a) defined as part of the squall line and b) typically much weaker than your discrete cells due to the convective heating.


I didn't word my question to you well but you answered it well. ACT actually hit on what I was trying to get at as well. I understand the instances where a supercell forms just ahead of the main squall line. I'm wondering more about what ingredients create a large number of discrete super cells well ahead of any QLCS that eventually forms and sweeps through an area. On April 27th the convective mode was almost exclusively super cells that were forming everywhere at an alarming rate. It wasn't until the tail end of the event that what I would consider a meager QLCS formed (at least in the Alabama portion of the storm) and this passed with little fanfare. Not only was the number of tornadic super cells incredibly rare but the duration at which they continued and the odd lack of a typical squall line to sweep everything out.

EDIT: I could be totally wrong but I don't think the trough on April 27th went negative tilt. Again, I could be totally wrong about that and wouldn't be suprised if I was given it usually takes a trough going negative tilt to produce like April 27th did.
This post was edited on 3/1/12 at 4:26 pm
Posted by ACT
Member since Sep 2010
1122 posts
Posted on 3/1/12 at 6:29 pm to
quote:

I'm wondering more about what ingredients create a large number of discrete super cells well ahead of any QLCS that eventually forms and sweeps through an area.
This has to do with the amount of instability, shear, and lift available. A multitude of these minus a CAP on the atmosphere will allow air parcels to rise uninhibited to create supercells. The cold front itself creates it's own lift, so any remaining instability is used to create the QLCS. A CAP is just that, a cap of warm air above the surfaces that inhibits air from rising freely through the atmosphere.

quote:

On April 27th the convective mode was almost exclusively super cells
While this is true, remember that there were 2 rounds of storms prior to the explosive supercell development. The first, that morning, was an MCS (Mesoscale Convective System). It was basically a small low pressure that formed on an existing QLCS that moved through creating it's own lift and shear. Hence the alarming number of tornadoes that morning. Remember, Cordova, AL has the distinction of being the town that was hit twice that day. An EF-3 with the morning line, an EF-4 with a supercell that evening. When that first line moved through, a second line formed and went through the Tennessee Valley area around 10ish. Then, the ingredients were such that instead of being used up and reloading slowly, it was like an entire new and untouched area of instability just took it's place. The shear from the upper low then was so high that supercells formed and were not allowed to ever line up to to the shear keeping them separate. That's why the storms that day were moving at 60+mph. The meager line at the very end was the front itself, allowing our fears of more storms to subside. The atmosphere was just spent at that point..as it had been worked over multiple times.

The number of supercells that day wasn't extremely rare, but the amount that were producing violent tornadoes was. You can watch videos of those tornadoes and see how violent the atmosphere was that day. Not only were they multiple vortex tornadoes, but in some, you can clearly see horizontal vortexes flowing into them as well.
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