re: How long for funds to settle in Trad IRA prior to ROTH IRA recharacterization?

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I think it would be a recharacterization…it’s $6500 for 2023 and nothing else is in the Trad IRA. No other Trad IRAs.

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A recharacterization only references contributions you change your mind about, like an IRA contribution that you want to recharacterize to a Roth contribution, which doesn't matter if your AGI is low enough. But if you're doing a back-door Roth because your income is too high for a typical Roth contribution, that's a conversion because you are getting around the income limit to put money in a Roth by legally putting a contribution (albeit non-deductible) in your IRA and then immediately converting.

I think we all know what you're doing, but the term does make a difference.